INFECTIOUS PROCESS, DIAGNOSIS, THERAPY AND PREVENTION OF ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS

The pathogenesis of anaerobic infections depends not only on the action of microbes, but also on their toxins. Therefore, the infection proceeds in several phases: edema, gas formation, tissue necrosis. The pathological material for anaerobes should be taken in hermetically sealed vials and quickly delivered to the laboratory. The vials should be filled with an oxygen-free gas mixture (nitrogen - 80%, hydrogen -10%, carbon dioxide -10%). For this purpose, COPAN agar gel anaerobic transport systems are specifically designed to ensure the safety of anaerobic microorganisms in samples during their transportation to the laboratory. Diagnosis of anaerobic infections in the laboratory is carried out using microscopy of native material, cultivation and bioassay. Gas chromatography is often used in the diagnosis of anaerobic infections. The study is carried out on a chromatograph of volatile substances (VFA) formed during anaerobic infection. When treating an anaerobic infection, the first step is to neutralize the toxins. For this purpose, specific anatoxic serums are injected intramuscularly. Non-specific infusion detoxification therapy is also performed. It is important to prevent the reproduction and spread of anaerobic infection with the help of antibacterial therapy: penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics, metragil, metronidazole, trichopol. It is mandatory to treat wounds with oxygen-containing antiseptics: hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite. Enzyme therapy is also used - the treatment of wounds with proteolytic enzymes. In some cases, surgical methods of treatment are also necessary. Full-fledged surgical treatment of wounds without suturing (removal of sutures and full opening of wounds, wide drainage of wounds, wide lamellar incisions). Autopsy of phlegmon with flow-aspiration drainage. Complete necrectomy to a clean wound. High amputation of the limb without suturing the stump). Anatoxins are used for specific prevention.