Selection and Assessment of Perennial Grass Mixtures for Enclosed Pastures in North Kazakhstan

The article examines the efficiency of growing multi-component grass mixtures for enclosed pastures given the plants' resistance to trampling to obtain high-quality products with minimal material and energy resources.Field experiments were conducted in the steppe zone of North Kazakhstan.The results suggest that the superior grass mix is the Optima Yug multicomponent pasture grass mixture, which includes 30% perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), 25% tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), 15% smooth brome (Bromopsis inermis), 15% cock'sfoot (Dactylis glomerata), 10% annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), and 5% white clover (Trifolium repens).The yield of green mass from Optima Yug reaches 23.4 t/ha, 4 times greater than the control.Bioenergetic assessment of phytocenoses further confirms the advantage of Optima Yug, which provides 78.9GJ/ha of metabolic energy and 0.81 t/ha of digestible protein.The best two-component pasture grass mixtures are those combining Russian wild rye (Psathyrostachys juncea) with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and Siberian wild rye (Elymus sibiricus) with alfalfa (M.sativa).Increased protein content in the grass mixtures translates into significantly more produced feed protein.The significance of this research is determined by its contribution to knowledge pertinent to solving the problems of developing efficient technologies to improve the productivity and rational use of pastures, which will allow utilizing the full potential of agrocenoses and stabilizing the development of animal husbandry in the steppe zone of North Kazakhstan.