A New Versatile System for 3D Steered LIFU Based on 2D Matrix Arrays

Our new versatile ultrasound neuromodulation platform represents a compromise between conformal helmet-like systems and single element transducer setups. It is flexible in terms of spatiotemporal stimulation patterns and can be accommodated to different workflows.Impact StatementProgress in the field of ultrasound neurostimulation is depending on the availability of suitable hardware fulfilling a range of practical, technical, safety, and regulatory requirements. Systems must fit in established clinical workflows (e.g., usable with MR and/or neuronavigation systems), allow accessing deep brain regions, and generate defined spatiotemporal ultrasound patterns. Furthermore, basic regulatory constraints (e.g., IEC 60601-1) must be fulfilled. Our new low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) system addresses these requirements and is flexible enough for use in a research environment. It was developed for facilitating the clinical transfer of LIFU and helping to gain a better understanding of underlying effects in ultrasound neurostimulation.