Universality of the zeta function in short intervals

Abstract We improve the universality theorem of the Riemann zeta-function in short intervals by establishing universality for significantly shorter intervals $$[T,T+H]$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we prove that universality in such short intervals holds for $$H=(\log T)^B$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mo>log</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> with an explicitly given $$B&gt;0$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Unconditionally, we show that for the same H the set of real numbers $$\tau \in [T,T+H]$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> such that $$\zeta (s+i\tau )$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ζ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> approximates an arbitrary given analytic function has a positive upper density.

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Publication Details

Journal
The Ramanujan Journal
Published
2025-07-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11139-025-01144-0
Citations
3
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
16.13

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article

Universality of the zeta function in short intervals

Łukasz Pańkowski, Yoonbok Lee
3 citations
The Ramanujan Journal
Analytic Number Theory Research
16.13
article

Universality of the zeta function in short intervals

Łukasz Pańkowski, Yoonbok Lee
article en
3 citations

Abstract

Abstract We improve the universality theorem of the Riemann zeta-function in short intervals by establishing universality for significantly shorter intervals $$[T,T+H]$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we prove that universality in such short intervals holds for $$H=(\log T)^B$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mo>log</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> with an explicitly given $$B&gt;0$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Unconditionally, we show that for the same H the set of real numbers $$\tau \in [T,T+H]$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> such that $$\zeta (s+i\tau )$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ζ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mi>τ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> approximates an arbitrary given analytic function has a positive upper density.

The Ramanujan JournalVol. 68(1)
Incheon National University (KR), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (PL)
National Research Foundation, National Research Foundation of Korea, Narodowe Centrum Nauki, Narodowym Centrum Nauki, Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
Openalex Percentile: Top 1%
Analytic Number Theory Research
16.13
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