Numerical simulation of Nonlinear thermal radiation effect on water-based TiO2–SiO2 hybrid nanofluid flow with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and multiple slips

This study presents a detailed numerical investigation of water-based TiO 2 –SiO 2 hybrid nanofluid flow over a cylindrical surface, incorporating the effects of nonlinear thermal radiation, the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model, and multiple velocity slip conditions. The inclusion of the Cattaneo–Christov theory provides a more realistic approach to modeling non-Fourier heat conduction by accounting for thermal relaxation time, which is especially important at micro and nanoscale levels. Additionally, nonlinear thermal radiation is considered to accurately capture radiative heat transfer at high temperatures, while multiple slip effects introduce a refined understanding of microscale boundary behavior influenced by surface-fluid interactions. The hybrid nanofluid, composed of TiO 2 and SiO 2 nanoparticles dispersed in water, is selected for its enhanced thermal conductivity and stability. The governing equations, derived from the conservation laws and similarity transformations, form a complex system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. These equations are solved using the shooting method, which offers high accuracy in handling the mixed boundary conditions. The results reveal significant impacts of relaxation time, slip parameters, and radiation on temperature and velocity profiles. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study that integrates all these effects simultaneously, demonstrating the novelty and advanced modeling capabilities of the proposed approach. This work can be applied to advanced thermal systems such as microfluidic devices, electronics cooling, and solar collectors, where precise heat transfer control is crucial. It is particularly valuable for high-temperature and microscale applications requiring accurate modeling of non-Fourier conduction and slip effects.