Analysis, Design, and Hardware Implementation of Phase Shifted Isolated DC–DC Converter for Low Voltage Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Applications

Electric vehicles are gaining importance due to their clean and environmentally friendly nature, contributing to the reduction of pollution and global warming caused by the fossil fuels. With ongoing improvements and decreasing prices, renewable energy technology is expected to significantly impact global energy systems.This article proposes an isolated DC-DC converter that combines the H-bridge converter and the IPOP (Input Parallel Output Parallel) bridgeless luo converter. The bridgeless luo converter on the secondary side stabilizes current and voltage reversals at the high-frequency transformer terminals. The H-bridge converter gate pulses are phase-shifted to ensure exact control of the output. This work discusses the different operating modes of the proposed isolated DC-DC converter, along with the associated dynamic equations. The proposed converter is simulated, with waveforms presenting the voltages and currents through various components provided. A hardware prototype is implemented with a power output of 100 W to assess the efficacy of the proposed converter in charging a lithium-ion battery at a voltage of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$48V$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The losses in different components of the converter are analyzed. This prototype employs silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs and diodes to facilitate high-frequency switching operations. This approach makes the components lighter and smaller. The proposed converter is a novel isolated DC-DC converter that is characterized by its low output ripples and lower losses, and thus it can be suitable for low-voltage electric vehicle battery charging.