Optimizing Electric Vehicle Charging Through Integration of Flexible Energy Sources

With the accelerating adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), there is an urgent need for intelligent charging systems that ensure energy efficiency, user convenience, and grid stability. To address these challenges, a Renewable-Aware Priority-Based Adaptive Charging (RePAC) framework has been developed, leveraging the coordinated integration of flexible energy sources such as solar, wind, battery storage, and the utility grid. The system employs a three-layer control architecture consisting of a Source Availability Estimator (SAE), User Priority Scheduler (UPS), and Adaptive Energy Allocator (AEA) to enable real-time forecasting, priority-based scheduling, and dynamic energy distribution. By incorporating predictive analytics and user-defined urgency levels, RePAC enhances renewable energy utilization and mitigates peak grid demand. Simulation results and hardware prototype testing confirm the system's effectiveness, achieving up to 85% renewable energy usage, 45% reduction in grid load, and 90% charging efficiency. This work significantly contributes to the advancement of green mobility by offering a scalable, intelligent charging strategy that aligns with future smart city and energy sustainability initiatives.