Enhanced V2G and G2V Operation using Fuzzy Logic Controller and EMI Filtering in EV Chargers

The increased use of electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates the development of smart and efficient bidirectional charging systems that enable both grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid operations. In conventional systems, a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is used to regulate power flow; however, it suffers from poor adaptability and sensitivity to parameter variations, leading to limited performance under dynamic conditions. This paper proposes a fuzzy logic-based control approach to replace the PID controller, offering adaptive rule-based regulation of pulse width modulation (PWM) signals for improved voltage stability and current control. Additionally, an Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) filter is integrated to suppress conducted emissions, both Differential Mode (DM) and Common Mode (CM), ensuring regulatory compliance and noise immunity. The proposed system maintains a constant DC bus voltage of 400 V and demonstrates superior performance with smoother battery charging/discharging, reduced voltage ripple and enhanced EMI suppression. Simulation results show an expected improvement in overall system efficiency from 91.2% (PID-based) to 95.6% using the fuzzy logic controller and EMI filter combination. The proposed architecture supports clean energy interaction between the grid and EVs, contributing to smarter and safer electric mobility.