THE ROLE OF THE TRANSPORT SECTOR IN THE POLISH ECONOMY: AN INPUT–OUTPUT APPROACH

Purpose:The aim of this article is to evaluate the role of the transport sector within the structure of the Polish economy between 2010 and 2020 using input-output analysis tools, with particular emphasis on the exogenous approach.Design/methodology/approach: The study employs Leontief and Ghosh models to calculate traditional multipliers (output, value added, income) and conducts a simulation of demand shocks based on the exogenous approach.The analysis is based on input-output tables from Statistics Poland for the years 2010, 2015, and 2020. Findings:The results indicate strong interdependencies between the transport sector and other branches of the national economy, highlighting its dual role as both a supplier and a recipient of intermediate services.The land transport subsector exhibits the highest level of sectoral integration and generates substantial multiplier effects.Research limitations/implications: The study does not account for employment effects due to the unavailability of satellite data.Future research should consider the use of dynamic models and the integration of environmental and social data.Practical implications: The results may support investment decisions and transport policy by identifying the sectors most responsive to transport-induced economic stimuli.Social implications: The analysis highlights the systemic importance of transport as a factor fostering regional development, social cohesion, and national economic competitiveness.Originality/value: This article contributes new value by applying an exogenous modelling approach to assess the structural role of transport, a perspective rarely explored in the Polish literature.