Epidemiological Characteristics Of Motorcycle Crashes At Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Malawi

Background: Motorcycle-related road traffic accidents (RTAs) significantly impact public health in Malawi, particularly in urban settings like Blantyre. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile of motorcycle crash victims treated at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at QECH’s Adult Emergency and Trauma Centre from December 1, 2023, to February 29, 2024. Data were collected using structured questionnaires administered via Kobo Collect and analyzed with R software. Results: Out of 275 RTAs recorded, 174 (63.3%) were motorcycle-related. Victims were predominantly young adult males (median age 28 years, IQR 20.5–35.5; 79.3% males), largely engaged in business activities (46.6%). Accidents frequently occurred during afternoons (39.7%), weekends (41.1%), and primarily involved motorcycle-moving vehicle collisions (36.2%) and lone motorcycle crashes (23%). Notably, 88.9% of riders lacked valid licenses, and helmet use was low (approximately 38%). Most motorcycles (84%) lacked fitness certifications. Conclusions: Motorcycle accidents constitute a substantial proportion of RTAs at QECH, predominantly affecting economically active young men. Key risk factors identified include non-licensed riding, poor helmet usage, and vehicle unfitness. Targeted interventions addressing these modifiable risks, including policy regulation and public education, are urgently required.