Navigating early fatherhood: the lived experiences of adolescent fathers in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Adolescent fatherhood presents unique challenges, yet research has predominantly focused on adolescent mothers.This study explores the experiences of young men who became fathers in adolescence in the Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa, using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), a qualitative method.Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with eight participants recruited through purposive and snowball sampling.Ethical protocols ensured credibility and trustworthiness.Findings revealed both external (media influence, peer pressure) and internal (non-use of contraceptives, negative attitudes towards sex education) factors contributing to adolescent fatherhood.Young fathers experienced psychological distress (denial, guilt, depression) and social stigma, which affected their identity, relationships, and self-perception.Educational disruptions and financial strain further shaped their life trajectories, limiting opportunities for personal and professional growth.These findings highlight the need for tailored mental health support, social workers in schools, community-based health education, and inclusive policies for adolescent fathers.Further research is encouraged to enhance support for young fathers.This study underscores the multiple barriers they face and calls for systemic interventions to improve their well-being and future opportunities.