Influence of food sources on the energy centers of cells – mitochondria in the ovary

Animal fertility depends on several environmental factors, including nutrition and the food sources consumed, to obtain essential vitamins, minerals, and other elements. Changes in nutrient intake directly affect the functioning of the reproductive system. The mitochondria are some of the most important organelles in any mammalian organ, including the ovary. These unique structures are responsible for meeting the energy needs of cells by being involved in metabolic processes, and they also possess mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The number and function of mtDNA decline with age in various tissues, including the ovaries. It is known that certain nutrients can influence mitochondrial function. Nutrient deficiencies reflect metabolic processes that take place in mitochondria. However, the mitochondrial mechanisms that contribute to ovarian aging and infertility are not fully understood. This article aims to summarize key evidence and current knowledge regarding the impact of dietary sources on mitochondrial function in the ovary, as well as to identify potential strategies for extending reproductive longevity and improving fertility.