Cassava common mosaic virus (CsCMV): recent advances and future directions

<italic>Manihot esculenta</italic> Crantz (cassava) is a staple food crop in tropical and subtropical regions, supporting over 800 million people globally. However, Cassava common mosaic virus (CsCMV), a potexvirus in the family <italic>Alphaflexiviridae</italic>, threatens its production, particularly in the Americas and Asia. This review summarizes recent advances in CsCMV research, including its taxonomic classification, epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and interactions with cassava. Key findings reveal that CsCMV possesses a single-stranded RNA genome primarily transmitted mechanically, results in substantial yield reductions in cassava crops and can be detected by novel molecular diagnostic tools. Current challenges in managing CsCMV include limited numbers of resistant cassava varieties and diagnostic accessibility. Future research should prioritise genome editing to develop resistant cassava varieties, investigate the roles of viral proteins in pathogenesis, and promote global collaboration to enhance CsCMV management strategies.