Integrating pharmacogenetics into medical education: an updated systematic review of cross-sectional studies

Actuality. The remarkable rise in the consumption of prescription drugs significantly increases the need for monitoring their safety and efficacy. Identifying genomic variations is one of the main factors that may affect individuals' responses to specific medications, advancing professionals towards achieving precision medicine.Research purpose.The presence of various barriers, including insufficient knowledge among physicians, decelerates the global clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics (PGx).This review aims to update the evidence regarding the attitudes and knowledge of medical students and physicians towards the role of genetic information in treating human diseases and perspectives on PGx as a mandatory discipline in medical training programmes. . 2, 2025 65 . Materials and methods.This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the updated guidelines of the PRISMA 2020 statement.PubMed and Google Scholar databases were utilised as sources for data collection, with an emphasis on recent crosssectional studies assessing the attitudes and knowledge of healthcare professionals (HCPs) towards PGx.Research results.Despite the poor understanding of PGx among medical students and physicians, a significant number of them recognised its efficacy.Physicians acknowledged the necessity and advantages of point-of-care PGx testing.Fewer than 10% of paediatricians were well-acquainted with PGx, and only 7.2% were aware of the recommendations by the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium.Nevertheless, they expressed a willingness to enhance their knowledge of PGx.Although physicians demonstrated a positive attitude towards PGx testing, only 45.1% of respondents were convinced of its availability in their institutional departments.Limited accessibility to PGx content, primarily due to high costs, and patient uncertainty regarding test results were cited as the main barriers to the adoption of PGx. Conclusion.There is limited awareness regarding PGx and its application in clinical practice among various HCPs.Further analysis of the barriers to the clinical implementation of PGx is crucial.