Defining and classifying music cities: Bridging the gap in music tourism research

The concept of music cities has gained considerable attention, reflecting the recognition of music's crucial role in urban development and cultural tourism. Music cities utilize their musical heritage and vibrant contemporary music scenes to drive economic growth, cultural vitality, and social cohesion. This paper defines and classifies music cities by examining their characteristics, strategies, and impacts on local economies and cultural landscapes. Through a synthesis of existing literature and case studies, it provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the dynamics of music cities and their role in the global tourism industry. Music cities are characterized by a high concentration of music-related activities and supportive infrastructure, promoting a dynamic environment for music. The study highlights examples such as Austin, Liverpool, and Nashville, showcasing diverse approaches and successes. It underscores the importance of legislative support, cultural initiatives, and economic integration in fostering thriving music cities, addressing challenges like gentrification and cultural commodification, and offering policy recommendations for sustainable development.