Multi-objective collaborative optimization of system configurations and energy scheduling of integrated energy system with electricity-fuel-heat storage systems

This study addresses the collaborative optimization of system configurations and energy scheduling in integrated energy systems incorporating electricity, fuel, and heat storage systems. A bi-level optimization model, integrating long-term investment planning with short-term operational scheduling, is proposed to achieve optimal comprehensive performances including energy, economic cost, environmental emission, and system reliability. A coefficient of variation of renewable power matching loads is defined to characterize the matching degree, thereby improving renewable energy penetration. The storage backup ratio of the multi-energy storage system is proposed to accommodate electricity and heat demands, reflecting system reliability and addressing the uncertainties of renewable power. A case study is implemented to validate the model's effectiveness, demonstrating its ability to balance multiple objectives. The results demonstrate that the performances of the optimal system configurations and scheduling strategies is closely related to the multi-objective and their weights of objectives. Specifically, the annual total cost is increased by 27.06 % compared to the economically optimized system when considering both the economic and reliability objectives. These findings underscore the critical role of multi-energy storage systems in enhancing the stability and flexibility of integrated energy systems, providing a theoretical foundation for sustainable energy system design and operation. • A IES system integrating multi-energy storage is proposed. • A bi-level optimization of configurations and scheduling strategies is constructed • Coordinative scheduling of electricity, fuel, and heat storage system are optimized. • An indicator of renewable supply and demand matching degree is defined. • Integrating MESS maximally decreases renewable energy variation by 17.19 %.