Effect of levels of phosphorus and sulphur on yield and economics of toria (Brassica campestrist L.)

A field experiment was carried out during the Rabi season of 2024 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, to assess the “Effect of Phosphorus and Sulphur Levels on Growth and Yield of Toria.” The study involved three phosphorus levels (50, 60, and 70 kg/ha) and three sulphur levels (30, 45, and 60 kg/ha), along with a recommended fertilizer dose and a control (80:40-N-P kg/ha). The experiment was designed using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatment combinations, each replicated three times. The findings demonstrated that Treatment 9 (Phosphorus 70 kg/ha + Sulphur 60 kg/ha) produced significantly superior results in terms of plant height (121.95 cm), plant dry weight (12.94 g), number of siliquae per plant (202.80), number of seeds per siliqua (17.60), test weight (3.94 g), seed yield (1.71 t/ha), and stover yield (3.83 t/ha). Furthermore, the same treatment also achieved the highest gross returns (169,592.00 INR/ha), net returns (100,855.00 INR/ha), and benefit-cost ratio (1.47), indicating its effectiveness in both productivity and economic viability.