Exploring technological evolution of AIED field using topic modelling and link prediction analysis based on patent data

• The number of patents in AIED started to increase rapidly after 2017. • In recent years, China has a clear advantage in terms of the number of patents. • Educational robots and s foreign language teaching are the main focus areas in the field. • Educational psychometrics and AI are likely to converge and create innovative solutions. • Patents related to education management are increasing. This study aims to analyze the artificial intelligence in education (AIED) field using patent data to identify the key actors, main themes, and their evolution over time. The study also aims to predict potential innovative technological development areas that may emerge in the AIED field in the future. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate the current actors in the field and the changes in their contributions. Technological developments in the field were attempted to be revealed using topic modelling and IPC code pair trend analysis methods. To obtain predictions about the future of the field, the IPC co-occurrence network was analyzed using link prediction methods. Research results indicate that educational robots, characterized by personalized interaction and social engagement capabilities, are among the most frequently patented technologies in the AIED field. Similarly, innovative foreign language teaching materials, notably speech recognition and interactive learning tools, also emerge as prominent areas of technological innovation. Additionally, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have been increasingly integrated into educational management, particularly in areas such as admission processes, performance tracking, and resource management. These AI-driven management innovations enable institutions to operate more sustainably and efficiently by optimizing resource allocation and reducing administrative burdens. The use of AI is also expected to find application in various innovative forms in foreign language instruction.