Ischemic stroke in women in Dagestan: laboratory and genetic aspects

Introduction. Stroke has been the leading cause of death worldwide for decades. Despite the improvement of diagnostic methods, for 40 % of patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke, its cause cannot be established. The high incidence of stroke remains a serious problem for the healthcare system, requiring increased attention and the development of new preventive strategies.Objective: to establish the relationship between some modifiable and non-modifiable factors and the occurrence of ischemic stroke in women in the Republic of Dagestan.Methods. The study used a cross-sectional continuous study design. The study included 75 women in the acute period of ischemic stroke and 35 women living in Dagestan without a history of acute cerebrovascular accident. The study analyzed the results of laboratory and molecular genetic research methods.Results. Two genes make a significant contribution to the risk of ischemic stroke in Dagestan. Hyperhomocysteinemia can be regarded as a marker of acute cerebral ischemia in women in Dagestan. A statistically significant higher level of homocysteine was found in patients with the TT variant of the MTHFR gene (p<0.05). Patients with ischemic stroke in the presence of 4G/4G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene have a statistically significantly higher atherogenic index value compared to patients with 5G/5G polymorphism.Conclusion. Not all studied modifiable and non-modifiable factors contribute to the development of stroke in women in Dagestan. Molecular genetic methods in modern medicine are becoming routine, and their use as non-modifiable risk factors can become an important component of personalized diagnostics.