Role of Bacteria as A Causative Agent of Cause Acute Appendicitis and Its Resistance to Antibiotic in Karbala

Background: Acute appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix and is a common acute surgical emergency; however, the pathogenesis of appendicitis remains poorly understood. The bacteria is increasingly thought to play a key role in appendicitis. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the bacterial infection and antibiotics sensitivity pattern and study the distribution of appendicitis with gender and age groups in addition to clinical signs in patients with acute appendicitis in Karbala city. Methods: Patients with acute appendicitis presenting between January 2024- June 2024 were studied. At surgery, 1cm rim of appendix was cut from the base and transferred into the Stuart’s transport medium. The specimen was cultured on different type of culture media to identification bacteria. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed. Results: Samples collected from patients between (8-57) years old, the majority rate of appendicitis were between (16-30) ages with a percentage 44%, (1-15) age with a percentage 40%, (31-45) age with 14% and the minority rate was 2 % which belong to age (46-60). All specimens were positive to bacterial culture, gram positive bacteria were isolated at a lower rate (6%) than gram-negative bacteria (94%). The rate of infection was 54% in males and 46% in females. All patients have abdominal pain. Results found that Escherichia coli was the predominant aerobes, all species of gram-positive bacteria were resistance to the Benzylpenicillin and Oxacillin (100%), and sensitive to Rifampicin, Ticarcillin, Vancomycin and Penicillin (100%), all species of gram-negative bacteria isolated were sensitive to Amikacin and Imipenem (100%). Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that there was a relation between bacterial infections and Escherichia coli which was predominant and it was recorded that the infection in males were more than females in patients with acute appendicitis. gram negative bacteria showed to be more resistance to antibiotics than gram positive bacteria.