Comparative analysis of the long-term impact of mass explosions on the rock massesproperties with adaptive interpretation of observation results

Purpose of the presented study is to analyze the results of mass industrial explosions in the open-pit located in one of the central districts of the city, surrounded by other industrial facilities, residential and public buildings with developed urban infrastructure, as well as to assess the evolution of the consequences of regular explosions over long periods. The methodology is a systematic generalization of data on the registration of manifestations of mass explosions to substantiate the most rational adaptation of rock blasting parameters to the established regular temporal deviations of the results of mass explosions. Findings. To verify the working hypothesis,that the main factor of this process is the constant regular, long-term explosive shaking of the rock massif, as a result of which its natural blockiness is subjected to increasing technogenic development as a result of the "working through" of primary structural cracks along the faces of the blocks-individuals of the massif, a comparative analysis of the mass observation data was performed. The comparative causal analysis confirmed the accuracy of the initial hypothesis and determined the approximate range of the observed changes and their regularity, which greatly facilitates the search for adaptive measures and adjustment of the parameters of the mass explosion technology in a quarry with extremely limited possibilities for the range of variation of the parameters of the explosive technology in it due to its location in the central part of the city. The originality of the article lies in the comprehensive comparative analysis of the long-term impact of mass explosions on the change in the physical and mechanical properties of rock massifs. The author's hypothesis is proposed and experimentally confirmed, which explains the loss of 9–12% of the energy of a mass explosion by the fact that part of the explosion energy is lost to the movement of blocks and the abrasion of the crack filler, and thus for the first time explains the discrepancy between the calculated and actual parameters of the energy effects of the explosion. Thus, the idea of an adaptive approach to the design of mass explosions, which takes into account historical changes in the properties of the massif and their impact on the effectiveness of the blasting, has been further developed. Practical implementation. The obtained results facilitate the adaptive adjustment of mass blasting parameters, taking into account the duration of mineral deposit exploitation using drilling and blasting technologies, as well as the geological conditions associated with rock masses exhibiting complex, technogenically altered structural configurations.