Ecological and technological components of the process of construction and operation of production wells

Purpose. Analysis of the construction cycle of wells for various purposes, the results of which will allow us to determine the main factors for rationalizing technical and technological approaches to field development. Research methodology. The study of the features of the well construction cycle was carried out using modern theoretical and experimental methods, as well as general principles of mathematical and physical modeling. The measurement of technological parameters of drilling fluids was carried out in accordance with the standards RD-39-2-645-81 and the API 13B Drilling Fluids Testing standard. Research results. The geological features of well construction at mineral deposits are considered. Industrial studies have been conducted to determine the technological properties of drilling flushing fluids. Samples of such fluids were taken from an operating well. The existence of a negative impact of drilling cycle operations on the condition of soils is shown on specific examples. A description of technological measures to eliminate the possibility of deterioration of the normal condition of soils is presented. Attention is paid to the issues of performing melioration works and their main type – irrigation. A system of water supply sources is proposed for the latter. Originality. The technical and technological foundations for rationalizing the execution of individual operations of the drilling cycle have been further developed.Laboratory and industrial studies have established the presence of significant mineralization (5–8%) in drilling fluids circulating in the well. A high content of petroleum products in the soils of production sites (up to 900 mg/kg) has also been detected. Without special measures to clean the listed components, the substances found will have a negative impact on the environment. In addition, the principles of creating borehole water supply systems are considered. Practical implications. The content of individual operations of the drilling cycle is considered in a logical sequence. The influence of potential environmental pollutants during well construction is assessed. The importance of rationalizing approaches to organizing production sites for well construction in order to preserve the natural state of soils and subsoil is emphasized.