Poland Anomaly and Atretic Cephalocele in the Same Child: Coincidence or Association?

Poland Anomaly is a rare congenital disorder typically characterized by hypoplasia or agenesis of pectoral muscle with or without ipsilateral limb hypoplasia. The association of central nervous system malformation with Poland Anomaly has been rarely reported and includes craniofacial dysplasia, microcephaly, and Dandy-Walker malformation. However, no anomalies in neural tube closure have been described in association with Poland Anomaly. Atretic cephalocele is another rare diagnosis, which is an involuted congenital herniation of intracranial contents through defects in the skull. Herein, we present the case of a child affected with Poland Anomaly in whom an atretic cephalocele has been diagnosed at the age of 2 months.