Kinetic optimization in green metal recovery: Citric acid vs glycine for sustainable Li-ion battery recycling
Due to the natural depletion and potential toxicity of some metals in lithium ion batteries (LIB), it is getting important to recover valuable metals such as Li and Co from spent LIBs. This study used citric acid or glycine to leach the valuable metals from cathode materials of these spent LIBs such as lithium iron phosphate (LFP) or lithium manganese oxide (LMO) batteries. The effects of concentrations of the citric acid or glycine, solid-liquid ratio, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> on the leaching rate of valuable metals were investigated by a batch experiment. The leached Mn<sup>2 +</sup> and Li<sup>+</sup> in the solution were recovered effectively by precipitation of MnO<sub>2</sub> and Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> by KMnO<sub>4</sub> and Na<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> with the recovery rate of Mn (95.02 % from LMO) and Li (94.23 %, and 95.29 % from LFP or LMO, respectively). Moreover, citric acid or glycine are shown to be acid leachants for recovering metals from spent LIBs.
Authors
- Xianghui Kong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3132-4019)
- Xu Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0796-2811)
- Xinjun Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0220-9003)
- Zhibin Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1453-1393)
- Yuchen Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2625-6752)
- Yi Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-895X)
- Zile Han
- Yanhao Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3736-2879)
- Meiying Jin
Institutions
- Shandong Academy of Environmental Science (CN)
- Shandong Jianzhu University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
- Published
- 2025-07-26
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118746
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Extraction and Separation Processes
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.85