<b>Impact of rice offal supplementation on gonadal and extragonadal sperm reserves in White Fulani (Bunaji) bulls</b>

Background: Twelve healthy White Fulani (Bunaji) bulls (average weight of 312.50 kg, mean body condition score of 3.8, and scrotal circumference averaging 29.80 cm) supplemented with 0% (control), 10%, 20%, or 30% rice offal for 90 days. Aim: To determine testicular weight, filtrate volume, and gonadal and extragonadal sperm reserves of White Fulani bulls supplemented with different percentages of rice offal. Methods: Bulls were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 3 each), housed individually, and castrated post-trial for reproductive tract analysis. Results: Supplementation with 30% rice offal significantly increased testicular weight, filtrate volume, and gonadal/extragonadal sperm reserves (p < 0.05) compared with the 0%, 10%, and 20% groups and the control. Conclusion: These findings showed that rice offal is a cost-effective supplement for improving bull fertility.