Artificial intelligence in higher education: the challenges, opportunities and the road ahead

This paper investigates to deliver an overview of literature from 2012 to 2023 on the phenomena of implementing artificial intelligence in education (AIEd). With the help of the Scopus indexing database, data from 441 articles were extracted, analysed based on the keywords and preliminary reading and synthesised according to explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria and article compilation was on the parameters of scientific procedures and rationales for systematic literature review protocol (SPAR4SLR). Drawing on the recent literature depicts that the inception of artificial intelligence in education is still in its initial stage and much research is required. This article implies that although there are benefits and challenges talked about in the article delving into the application of AIEd in higher education's system of teaching and learning that shall lead the education system to newfound intelligence and automation, however, things are at the very initial stage and filled with conjectures. The findings demonstrate that the artificial intelligence-based teaching and learning phenomenon has a bright future as educational institutes understand its upcoming impact. The greatest challenge for educational institutes now is to start planning, designing, developing and implementing artificial intelligence-based courses for multidisciplinary and holistic training for future employees.