Examining determinants of blockchain-based smart contract adoption in local government: an empirical study in developing countries

Smart contracts based on blockchain technology offer significant opportunities for local governments - particularly in developing countries like Iraq - to enhance operational efficiency. This study explores the factors influencing the adoption of smart contracts in the Nineveh Governorate. Employing a quantitative approach, the research draws on relevant literature and applies the Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) framework, supplemented by elements from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The key factors examined include perceived compatibility, perceived benefits, cost, organisational readiness, top management support, and government support. Data were collected via a questionnaire distributed to 87 local government employees in Nineveh. The results indicate that perceived benefits, cost, organisational readiness, and government support positively influence the intention to adopt smart contracts. However, perceived compatibility and top management support did not show a significant impact on adoption behaviour. Conducted in an emerging market context like Iraq, this study offers valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and public sector professionals aiming to implement blockchain-based solutions.