Advancing sustainable e-waste management systems integrated with artificial intelligence in developing countries

Industry 5.0 represents a paradigm shift in manufacturing and industrial processes, fostering collaboration between humans, robots, and smart devices. This evolution leverages advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence to boost productivity. In the context of e-waste management in developing countries, this study addresses the various influencing factors as drivers for enhancing the efficiency. These drivers were refined through an inter-consistency test and categorised using Fuzzy-DEMATEL. Notably, public awareness and technological advancement emerged as the most influential factors in integrating AI for sustainable e-waste management. Among these drivers, training and empowerment was found to be the most effective in driving positive change, while government policy and regulation played a pivotal role as the primary causal driver. This research offers valuable insights that can empower policymakers and environmental agencies to facilitate the adoption of AI and promote cleaner and more efficient e-waste management in developing countries.