New Power Balance Equations for Modelling Electric Arc Furnace

ABSTRACT Electric arc furnaces (EAFs) are electrical networks' most significant single loads. On the other hand, harmful voltage flicker and harmonics are produced by the time‐varying and nonlinear voltage‐current properties of EAF. A precise EAF model is necessary to investigate the adverse effects of EAFs on power quality and potential solutions. The power balance equation is used in one of the recognised EAF models. However, this equation only includes the arc radius, not the arc length. Here, two new power balance equations are proposed, including arc radius and length. Four new EAF models are derived from the two suggested power balance equations. The proposed models are more accurate than the original power balance model. In the proposed model, in every half‐cycle, the parameters are altered. Autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models are utilised to model time variations of the power balance equation parameters. The accuracy of the suggested models is assessed by evaluating the results obtained from actual EAF records at the Mobarakeh steel company in Isfahan, Iran, with their corresponding model outputs. A MATLAB code is provided to produce the time‐variant model parameters.