A Five-Year Study of Maternal and Neonatal Risk Factors Contributing to Early Neonatal Death at a Tertiary Referral Hospital

Objective: This study aims to explore maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with early neonatal death at a central referral hospital in West Java.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Over five years, 310 early newborn mortality samples were collected from 9,240 births. Key characteristics associated with early infant death were identified using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results: Among the mothers, 63.9% were from outside Bandung and aged 15–46. 64.5% (n=200) of neonates died within two days. Primiparous mothers accounted for 33.2% (103). Common maternal conditions included premature contractions (27.1%), premature rupture of membranes (22.9%), hypertension (14.2%), placenta previa (6.5%), and eclampsia (3.5%). 84.8% of neonates were premature, and 59.4% experienced early death. Bivariate analysis showed significant relationships with parity, maternal diseases, mode of delivery, and newborn hypoxia. Death after 48 hours was notably associated with mode of delivery (p=0.009; OR 1.54).Conclusion: END is associated with parity, maternal conditions, delivery mode, and asphyxia. Improved prenatal care and stronger referral systems can reduce mortality rates.Analisis Faktor Risiko Ibu dan Neonatus terhadap Kematian Neonatal Dini di RS Rujukan Tersier: Studi Lima TahunAbstrakTujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko maternal dan neonatal yang terkait dengan kematian neonatal dini pusat rujukan di Jawa Barat.Metode: Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan studi potong lintang selama lima tahun. 310 sampel kematian neonatal dini diambil dari 9,240 kelahiran. Analisis multivariate dan univariate dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan faktor-faktor penting yang berhubungan dengan kematian neonatal diniHasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebanyak 63,9% berasal dari luar Bandung dan berusia antara 15 dan 46 tahun. 64,5% (n=200) bayi meninggal dalam dua hari. 33,2% persalinan prematur (103). Kondisi patologis ibu yang ditemukan kontraksi prematur (27,1%), ketuban pecah dini (22,9%), hipertensi (14,2%), plasenta previa (6,5%) dan eklampsia (3,5%). 84,8% lahir prematur, dan 59,4% meninggal dini. Menurut analisis bivariat, ada hubungan yang signifikan antara cara persalinan, penyakit ibu, hipoksia bayi baru lahir, dan paritas (p=0.009; OR 1.54). Kematian bayi setelah 48 jam memiliki korelasi yang signifikan dengan metode persalinan.Kesimpulan: KND dikaitkan dengan paritas, penyakit ibu, cara persalinan, dan asphyxia. Memperkuat sistem referral dan meningkatkan perawatan antenatal dapat mengurangi angka kematian.Kata kunci: faktor risiko maternal; kematian neonatal dini; komplikasi maternal; metode persalinan