Blockchain Aided Smart Consensus Model for IoMT Architecture

The rapid evolution of technology in healthcare underscores its pivotal role in shaping human lives, particularly with the widespread adoption of wearable Internet of Things (IoT) sensors. This surge has led to the interconnection of a vast array of devices, sensors, and real-time trackers over the internet, driving research interest in the development of a Remote Patient Monitoring system for treatment and consultation. Concurrently, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into decision support systems has become prevalent, paving the way for the creation of a smart consensus system that enhances efficiency through live remote sensor data. Nevertheless, the adoption of such advanced technologies is not without challenges, particularly in the realms of privacy, security, and standardization for data transmission and transaction cataloguing. To address these concerns, blockchain has emerged as a compelling solution, seamlessly integrating with existing solutions and providing heightened security and privacy assurances, especially in collaboration with third-party entities. In response to these challenges, a proposed blockchain-enabled Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) architecture takes centre stage. This innovative framework leverages real-time wearable sensor data from patients as the primary source for diagnosis, ensuring secure storage and transmission through the application of blockchain technology. Furthermore, the proposed IoMT architecture extends its reach by integrating stakeholders from the healthcare domain. This collaboration enhances the system's effectiveness, with an AI-based decision support system aiding consultants in remotely monitoring patients with ease. However, the simulated experiment demonstrates improved access control, authentication, scalability (150 TPS), low energy consumption (50kWh/year), and reduced transaction latency (200ms) compared to PoW, PoS, and PoA. In summary, the fusion of wearable IoT sensors, AI, and blockchain in this IoMT architecture not only addresses the challenges of privacy and security but also establishes a robust foundation for advancing electronic healthcare systems.