Global trends and influential factors of climate change adaptation recognition in GDELT

Climate change adaptation recognition in developing and developed countries are crucial to tackle the environmental vulnerabilities. In this study news data from GDELT was utilized to investigate the CCA recognition (tone, concern, and scope) across different income groups of 200 countries by using monthly data from March 2015 to March 2024. Additionally, analysed socioeconomic, geographic, and demographic indicators that influence CCA recognition among 174 countries globally by using yearly data from 2016 to 2023. We employed post-hoc multiple comparison test-Dunn's test to compare CCA recognition across different income groups. We also employed OLS, and to validate OLS we also used robust econometric techniques Breusch-Pagan test for heteroskedasticity, Shapiro-Wilk test for normality of residuals, HC1 estimator for robust standard error, to ensure robustness against outliers and leverage points, robust regression techniques M estimation employed and quasi-Poisson regression for the scope model. We find that all recognition indicators median is significantly (p < 0.001) different among 4 different income level countries groups except scope indicator between low income and lower middle-income countries as well as upper middle income and high-income countries. Life expectancy causes to increase the tone and decrease the concern of CCA news significantly by 0.016 and - 0.018 respectively. Expected years of schooling has significant and positive relationship with tone and concern at coefficient 0.096, 0.025 respectively. The findings emphasize that countries with stronger socioeconomic indicators, favourable demographic profile, or reside at tropical geographic locations are more likely to prioritize and recognize climate change adaptation. The findings offer a novel approach to measuring climate change adaptation progress using news media, benefiting policymakers in enhancing sustainable development efforts.