Research on Realistic 3D Reconstruction of Historical Buildings Based on Multi-Source Data Fusion

历史建筑是人类文明演进的载体，然而，伴随时代变迁，这些珍贵遗产正日益遭受自然侵蚀与人为破坏，因此，亟需开展保护工作以传承历史文脉。近年来，无人机技术与三维激光扫描技术的进步为精细化的古建筑实景三维重建提供了可能，进而可实现对古建筑进行全面、立体化的数字化存档。本研究以通海县聚奎阁为例，采用一种融合无人机倾斜摄影、近景摄影测量及地面近景摄影测量的创新方法，完成了聚奎阁的实景三维重建。文中详细阐述了该技术的工作流程、面临的挑战，并展示了三维模型成果及精度评估。Historical buildings serve as crucial repositories of human civilization’s evolution. Nevertheless, the relentless passage of The Time exposes these invaluable heritages to escalating threats from both natural weathering and anthropogenic degradation, underscoring the exigent need for preservation efforts to safeguard historical continuity. In recent years, advances in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and three-dimensional laser scanning have facilitated the creation of detailed, realistic three-dimensional reconstructions of ancient structures, enabling the establishment of comprehensive and holistic digital archives. As a case study, this research investigates the Jukui Pavilion in Tonghai County, employing an innovative, integrated methodology that combines UAV-based oblique photogrammetry, close-range photogrammetry, and terrestrial photogrammetry to generate a high-fidelity three-dimensional model of Jukui Pavilion. This paper details the technical workflow and associated challenges, and presents the resulting three-dimensional models along with a rigorous accuracy assessment.