Examination of morphological differences between polycystic and normal ovaries

The morphology of polycystic ovaries significantly influences the severity and range of clinical symptoms in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).The aim of this study was to compare the morphological characteristics of polycystic ovaries with those of physiologically normal ovaries, focusing on parameters such as ovarian volume and dimensions, stromal development, thickness of the tunica albuginea, antral and other follicles throughout folliculogenesis, and the presence or absence of the corpus luteum.This prospective-retrospective study included two randomly selected groups, each comprising 50 women of reproductive age-one group diagnosed with PCOS and a control group with normal ovarian morphology.For more precise comparisons, participants were further divided into five age subgroups.Transvaginal ultrasonography was employed to assess ovarian morphology, with particular attention to ovarian dimensions (43 cm), volume (>14.6 ccm), follicular distribution, presence of a dominant follicle, thickness of the tunica albuginea, and stromal development.The results revealed statistically significant differences between the PCOS and control groups in several morphological parameters: thickness of the tunica albuginea, ovarian length and width, total volume, distribution and number of antral follicles, presence of a dominant follicle, and central stromal development.In conclusion, the findings confirm that ovaries affected by PCOS exhibit distinct morphological features compared to normal ovaries.These include increased ovarian Examination.