Healing following ridge preservation using demineralized allograft particles or fibers alone, and combined with xenograft

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05400213 PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Placing a bone graft in the socket after tooth extraction can decrease bone loss during healing in preparation for a dental implant. This study collected histologic wound healing data on human bone graft materials in a fiber and particle form alone and in combination with a cow-derived (bovine) bone graft material. One hundred twenty patients who needed a tooth extracted enrolled in the study, and one of the four bone graft materials was placed in the site. After 18-20 weeks of healing, patients returned for placement of a dental implant. At this time, a bone sample was collected for microscopic examination. Measurements of the bone dimensions at the site were also done. The fiber bone graft material resorbed more rapidly relative to the particulate form, but there was no difference in new bone formed between the fibers and particles. The human bone grafts in either fiber or particle form used alone also formed more new bone than when they were mixed with the bovine bone graft. Clinically, the bone dimensions did not show significant differences between the four groups.