Technological Innovation and Development Trends of Offshore Wind Power under the Goal of Carbon Neutrality and Carbon Peak

This paper examines the evolution and emerging trends of offshore wind technology under the dual goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. It highlights recent advances in turbine design, in particular the development of larger rotors and optimized blades, as well as innovations in auxiliary engineering, including fixed bases and emerging floating platform solutions. In addition, the paper discusses the integration of hybrid renewable energy systems that combine offshore wind with solar power, battery storage, and hydrogen production to mitigate intermittency challenges to enhance the stability and reliability of offshore renewable energy facilities. Technological advances allow advanced modeling techniques, such as Mixed integer linear programming (MILP) and predictive optimization models, to be important tools for designing more economical systems and guiding future long-term investment decisions. The role of policy frameworks and market drivers in promoting technology adoption and market expansion in regions such as China, the European Union, and the United States is also analyzed. Collectively, these developments are critical to improving grid stability, reducing the cost of energy equalization, and rapidly achieving global decarbonization goals.