Future Potentials in Organic Solvents in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): A Comparative Analysis

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a widely used technology for reducing carbon emissions in modern industries. Among all ingredients used in CCS, organic solvents are essential in the chemical absorption process. Recent advancements in solvent development have opened new research opportunities in this field. Since the 1950s, scientists worldwide have been developing and refining various solvents for CCS applications. This paper investigates and compares the most prevalent types of organic solvents used in CCS technology: amine-based, ionic liquid-based, and biphasic solvents. The research is based on a literature review of studies from the past five years, employing qualitative analysis as the primary methodology. The findings suggest that blending two or more solvents yields the best performance in real-world CCS operations. For example, MEA-AMP blends and biphasic solvents (such as mixtures of ionic liquids and MEA) demonstrate superior absorption and desorption rates while being more energy-efficient than single-component solvents.