Stability Numerical Analysis of Open-Pit Mine Slope in Yunnan

矿山边坡稳定性直接关系到矿山安全生产与经济效益。20世纪60年代后，受Vaiont水库滑坡等事故的推动，研究从均质弹性理论转向地质与力学结合的刚体极限平衡法，强调地质分析与力学机制的融合。现代则更注重土体真实破坏过程的数值模拟。本文针对某露天矿山工程地质及水文地质条件，结合岩体力学参数与边坡结构特征，运用霍克–布朗(Hoek-Brown)强度准则将室内岩石力学参数进行计算折减修正转换成边坡宏观岩体力学参数，采用数值模拟分析方法(FLAC3D有限差分法)对边坡稳定性进行定量分析。通过建立三维地质模型，考虑岩体非均质性、节理分布、地下水渗漏及开挖扰动等因素，对边坡各种结构面的空间分布及力学特征的研究，评价该露天采场边坡的稳定性，并提出合理的措施建议以确保整个采场的安全服役。The stability of mine slopes is directly related to the safety production and economic benefits of mines. After the 1960s, driven by accidents such as the Vaiont Reservoir landslide, research shifted from homogeneous elastic theory to the rigid limit equilibrium method that combines geology and mechanics, emphasizing the integration of geological analysis and mechanical mechanisms. In modern times, more emphasis is placed on numerical simulation of the actual process of soil failure. This article focuses on the geological and hydrogeological conditions of a certain open-pit mine project, combined with rock mechanics parameters and slope structure characteristics. Using the Hoek Brown strength criterion, the indoor rock mechanics parameters are calculated, reduced, and corrected into macroscopic rock mechanics parameters of the slope. The numerical simulation analysis method (FLAC3D finite difference method) is used to quantitatively analyze the stability of the slope. By establishing a three-dimensional geological model and considering factors such as rock heterogeneity, joint distribution, groundwater leakage, and excavation disturbance, the spatial distribution and mechanical characteristics of various structural planes of the slope are studied. The stability of the open-pit mining slope is evaluated, and reasonable measures and suggestions are proposed to ensure the safe service of the entire mining site.