Experimental Study on the Modeling of Alzheimer's Disease in Mice with Aluminum Maltol and the Treatment of Tremella Fuciformis and Its Compound Polysaccharides

In this study, the pathological changes of human AD patients were simulated by using aluminum maltol to model Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mice. This study established an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model using aluminum maltol to mimic pathological changes in human AD patients. Fifteen healthy mice were randomized into four groups: Normal, Model, Treatment 1 (tremella preparation), and Treatment 2 (good sober preparation). The Model and treatment groups received daily intraperitoneal aluminum maltol injections for 57 days, with oral administration of test agents initiated on day 39. Cognitive function was evaluated via the Y-shaped water maze test[1], while serum biomarkers (triglycerides, total cholesterol, total protein, urea nitrogen) and brain homogenate enzymes (acetylcholinesterase, β1/ɑ secretase) were measured. Revealed significant cognitive impairment and biomarker alterations in the Model group compared to the Normal group (P<0.05 for all). Both treatment groups showed improved cognitive performance and reduced neuronal damage markers (P<0.05 vs. Model), characterized by lower β1 secretase and higher ɑ secretase levels. Aluminum maltol successfully induced AD-like symptoms in mice. Tremella fuciformis and its compound polysaccharides exhibited neuroprotective effects by enhancing cognitive function and alleviating neuronal injury, providing experimental evidence for their potential application in AD therapy.