Design and implementation of a low-cost piezoelectric footstep energy harvesting system for portable power applications in grid-unstable regions

In countries that continue to face challenges with consistent power supply, particularly in electricity distribution and experience frequent grid collapses, citizens are often left with no option but to resort to alternative energy sources, which are typically expensive to install and maintain. This research proposes the design and implementation of a cost-effective solution that harnesses mechanical energy generated from human footsteps to produce electrical power. The system operates using piezoelectric sensors based on the principle of piezoelectricity, which enables the conversion of mechanical stress into electrical energy. The generated power is stored in a battery system and can be used to supply energy to portable electronic devices, particularly during outages in conventional power sources. The prototype system achieved an output voltage ranging from 9 V to 20 V directly from the piezoelectric sensors under typical foot pressure. After voltage regulation and storage, a stable output of 5 V was obtained, which is sufficient to power small mobile devices. This technology demonstrates a low-cost, renewable energy source for environments with high foot traffic and unreliable access to grid electricity.