Theoretical Research and Scheme Design of Static Polychrome Display Based on Monodisperse Microspheres

Structural colors are produced by precisely designed nanostructures rather than pigments, featuring outstanding energy efficiency, extraordinary vitality and environmental sustainability. This investigation employed monodisperse microspheres for the fabrication of static multi-color displays, leveraging their consistent dimensions and self-assembly capabilities to generate periodic photonic lattices. These structures make controllable Bragg diffraction of dynamically adjustable structural colors possible. Key innovations include: a color control mechanism achieved by precisely modulating the particle diameter (controlling lattice parameters) and comparing the refractive index between the microspheres and the embedding matrix. The pixel visualization strategy, predicated on discrete color regions, is realized through the selective deposition of photonic crystal arrays. This study establishes a theoretical framework via optical diffraction modeling and validates practical methodologies through scalable convective assembly techniques. These advancements provide a powerful platform for the next generation of flexible wearable displays, offering high resolution, mechanical durability and customizable color performance for applications in consumer electronics and biomedical interfaces.