Full-Scale Experimental Study on the Combustion Characteristics of a Fuel Island in a High-Speed Railway Station

This study aims to provide a reference for the fire protection design and fire emergency response strategies for fuel islands in high-speed railway stations and other transportation buildings. By using an industrial calorimeter, this paper analyzes the combustion characteristics of a fuel island. For the fuel island setup in this test, the fuel island fire development cycle was relatively long, and the maximum fire source heat release rate reached 4615 kW. Before the fire source heat release rate reaches the maximum peak, the HRR curve slowly fluctuates and grows within the first 260 s after ignition. Within the time range of 260 s to 440 s, the fire growth rate resembled that of a t2 medium-speed fire, and within the time range of 400 s to 619 s, it more closely aligned with a t2 fast fire. It is generally suggested that the growth curve of t2 fast fire could be used for the numerical simulation of fuel island fires. The 1 h fire separation method adopted in this paper demonstrated a good fire barrier effect throughout the combustion process.