MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING THE USE OF LAND BY LOCAL COMMUNITIES, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT VARIOUS CONSTRAINTS

The purpose of this article is to study the theoretical and applied aspects of using modern technologies to monitor land use by local communities, taking into account legal, environmental and technogenic restrictions. The article analyses key tools, including geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, web mapping services and digital platforms that enable the detection of changes in land use patterns. Particular attention is paid to the integration of spatial data with regulatory and legal restrictions, including nature conservation areas, coastal zones, sanitary protection zones, and critical infrastructure facilities. The study analyses scientific approaches to building monitoring systems, considers factors that affect the accuracy of interpreting results, and determines the technical and human resource requirements for communities to implement effective land use policies. Examples of domestic practice are provided, demonstrating the effectiveness of GIS monitoring in detecting land use violations, optimising decision-making and increasing the transparency of land resource management in local communities. The studies emphasise the importance of implementing geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing technologies for land monitoring. For example, the use of web mapping based on Google Earth or Google Maps allows the creation of interactive maps of community land funds, which promotes transparency and public control. In the context of decentralisation in Ukraine, local communities have been given expanded powers to manage land resources. However, effective land use is hampered by the lack of systematic monitoring, insufficient integration of modern technologies, and constraints related to legal, environmental, and socio-economic factors. This leads to irrational land use, loss of income and environmental imbalance. The introduction of modern land use monitoring technologies by local communities is a prerequisite for ensuring effective and sustainable land use. GIS, remote sensing, web technologies and land inventory enable the collection of up-to-date information, the identification of problem areas and the adoption of informed management decisions. However, in order to fully implement these technologies, it is necessary to overcome existing constraints, secure funding and create an effective coordination structure.