Research on the Legal Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests in E-Commerce Transactions

在数字化浪潮席卷全球的今天，互联网技术的飞速发展正深刻重塑着世界经济的运行格局。作为数字经济的重要组成部分，电子商务凭借其突破时空限制、降低交易成本、提升资源配置效率等显著优势，已然成为推动全球经济增长的新引擎。然而，伴随着电商产业的蓬勃发展，虚拟交易环境所特有的匿名性、跨地域性等特征，以及交易主体多元复杂、法律关系交叉重叠等现实情况，使得消费者权益保护工作面临着前所未有的挑战。具体表现为：交易过程中信息不对称现象加剧，商品质量监管难度加大，个人隐私数据泄露风险上升，跨境维权成本居高不下等一系列亟待解决的法律难题。本文立足于我国电子商务发展的实际情况，通过系统梳理相关理论研究成果，分析典型司法案例，从法学理论、监管实践和制度建设等多个维度，剖析当前电商消费者权益保护领域存在的法律困境。结合具体国情与现阶段电商发展情况，提出切实可行的改进方法，以期更好地保护电子商务交易中消费者的权益。In today’s era where the digital wave is sweeping the globe, the rapid development of internet technology is profoundly reshaping the operational landscape of the world economy. As a crucial component of the digital economy, e-commerce, with its remarkable advantages such as breaking through time and space constraints, reducing transaction costs, and improving resource allocation efficiency, has become a new engine driving global economic growth. However, alongside the vigorous development of the e-commerce industry, the anonymous and cross-border characteristics inherent in the virtual transaction environment, as well as the practical situations of diverse and complex transaction subjects and overlapping legal relationships, have made the protection of consumers’ rights and interests face unprecedented challenges. These are specifically manifested as a series of legal issues demanding urgent solutions, including the intensified information asymmetry in the transaction process, the increased difficulty in supervising product quality, the rising risk of personal privacy data breaches, and the persistently high costs of cross-border rights protection. This paper is based on the actual development of e-commerce in China. Through a systematic combing of relevant theoretical research achievements and analysis of typical judicial cases, it analyzes the legal dilemmas existing in the field of e-commerce consumers’ rights and interests protection from multiple dimensions, including legal theory, regulatory practice, and institutional construction. Combining the specific national conditions and the current development of e-commerce, it proposes practical improvement methods to better protect consumers’ rights and interests in e-commerce transactions.