Interprofessional Collaboration in Obstetric and Midwifery Care—Multigroup Comparison of Midwives’ and Physicians’ Perspective

<b>Background</b>: Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is considered fundamental for integrated, high-quality woman-centered care. This study analyzes concordance/differences in the perspectives of midwives and physicians on IPC and Equitable Communication (EC) in prenatal/postpartum (PPC) and birth care (BC). <b>Methods</b>: The short form of the ICS Scale (ICS-R with eight items) adapted for the midwifery context, and the EC scale (three items) were completed by 293 midwives and 215 physicians in Germany. Profession- and the setting-specific differences were analyzed using <i>t</i>-tests and ANOVA with repeated measurements. Confirmatory factor analysis with nested model comparisons test the fairness of the scales. <b>Results</b>: Midwives' ratings of all IPC aspects were systematically lower than physicians' in both care settings (variance component professional group: <i>η</i>²<i>_p</i> = 0.227/ 0.318), esp. for EC (<i>d</i> = 1.22-1.41). Both groups rated EC higher in BC. The setting effect was less pronounced among physicians for the ICS-R items than among midwives. Violations of test fairness reveal validity deficiencies when using the aggregated EC sum score for group comparisons. <b>Conclusions</b>: Fundamental professional differences were found in the IPC assessment between physicians and midwives. The results enhance the understanding of IPC dynamics and provide starting points for action to leverage IPC's potential for woman-centered care.