Epidemiological Characteristics, Prevention and Control Policies of Brucellosis in Asia: A Comparative Analysis

Brucellosis, a highly prevalent zoonotic disease in Asia, faces significant challenges in prevention and control due to fragmented management and the insufficient effectiveness of traditional policy tools. This review examines the epidemiological characteristics and prevention and control policies of brucellosis in Asia, comparing the brucellosis prevention and control policies of five representative countries: Israel, India, South Korea, China, and Mongolia. It is found that each country enhances its prevention and control effectiveness through a combination of differentiated tools. However, there is still room for breakthroughs in free-range regulation, cross-border transmission, and cultural barriers. The research proposes an integrated governance framework under the concept of "One Health". Vertically, it establishes a three-tier national-regional-grassroots network. Horizontally, it promotes cross-departmental collaboration across agriculture, health, and other fields, and involves multiple stakeholders, including international organizations, communities, and private sectors. Policy tools need to focus on technological empowerment, such as strain tracing and Geographic Information System monitoring, as well as culturally sensitive interventions, exemplified by Indias "Boiling Milk" initiative. In the future, researchers should promote regional cooperation in Asia, establish a technology-sharing platform, and coordinate policy tools and governance mechanisms. They should also build a three-dimensional prevention and control system to provide an Asian experience for the global management of zoonotic diseases.