STUDY OF THE VAPOR PERMEABILITY OF POLYURETHANE IONOMERS BASED ON PHOSPHORORGANIC POLYOLS

Imparting new functional properties to polymers along with the problem of improving the already achieved technical indicators can be solved by chemical modification of their structural organization. An interesting direction here is the introduction of ionogenic groups into already known macromolecular objects and the creation of ionomers. Of particular interest are polyurethane ionomers (PUI), for the production of which oligoetherglycols and isocyanates with ionogenic groups built into their structure are usually used. The PUIs obtained in this way show an increase in mechanical characteristics and thermal stability. It should also be noted that the presence of ionic aggregates in their structure is the reason for increasing biocompatibility and diffusion properties. In this work, using tri(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, orthophosphoric acid and polypropylene oxide (PEO), organophosphorus polyols (PIP-PEO) were obtained, which served as a basis for the synthesis of polyurethane ionomers (PIP-PEO-PU). The influence of temperature conditions of PIP-PEO synthesis on the properties of PIP-PEO-PU and their relationship with the diffusion properties of polyurethanes obtained using them was studied. It was found that the temperature of PIP-PEO synthesis from 40 °C to 100 °C leads to an increase in the conversion of ortho-phosphoric acid from 29% to 40%. With a further increase in temperature conditions to 110 °C, the conversion of ortho-phosphoric acid exceeds 50%. With an increase in the temperature at which PIP-PEO synthesis is carried out (while the conversion of H3PO4 also increases), a slight decrease in the surface tension of the obtained organophosphorus polyols and CMC is observed. The temperature of PIP-PEO synthesis and, accordingly, the conversion of ortho-phosphoric acid have a significant effect on the water vapor permeability coefficient (WVP) of PIP-PEO-PU obtained using them. Thus, a twofold decrease in WVP is observed from values of 3890 g/cm2 for PIP-PEO-PU obtained at 80 °C to values of 1920 g/cm2 in 24 hours for FIP-PEO-PU obtained at 80 °C. The temperature at which PIP-PEO were synthesized also affects the supramolecular organization of PIP-PEO-PU obtained on their basis, a feature of which is the clustering of phosphate anions.