Soil nitrogen drives inverse acclimation of xylem growth cessation to rising temperature in Northern Hemisphere conifers
Controlled experiments suggest that the seasonal build-up of nitrogen (N) limitation constrains the responses of forest autumn phenology to elevated temperatures. Therefore, rising soil N is expected to increase the delaying effects of elevated temperature on the end of the season, i.e., leaf senescence. However, the interactive effects of temperature, soil N, and aridity on xylem autumn phenology remain unknown. We conducted a wide spatial analysis from 75 conifer sites in the Northern Hemisphere and found that rising soil N increases the delaying effects of elevated temperature on the end of xylem cell wall thickening but reduced the delaying effects on the cessation of cell enlargement, especially in humid regions. The contrasting effects of elevated soil N on cell enlargement versus cell wall thickening could affect xylem cell anatomy, thereby induce changes in wood density, and induce a decoupling of stem size growth from photosynthate production. These analyses extend previous findings on forest autumn phenology by systematically investigating the spatial variation in the interactive effects of temperature and soil N on xylem autumn phenology at the cellular scale.
Authors
- Annie Deslauriers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4994-5772)
- Peter Prislan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3932-6388)
- Wenjin Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0446-2718)
- Jakub Kašpar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1780-6310)
- Qiao Zeng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4035-5677)
- Audrey Lemay (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-2676)
- Serena Antonucci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2237-2027)
- Patrick Fonti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7070-3292)
- Tuula Jyske (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-4358)
- Feiyu Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5572-1102)
- Vladimír Gryc (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9632-9625)
- Cornélia Krause (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7886-3629)
- Hanuš Vavrčík (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9386-9554)
- Andreas Gruber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7830-0746)
- Valentinà Buttò (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1595-6745)
- Richard L. Peters (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7441-1297)
- Edurne Martínez del Castillo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1542-2698)
- Vladimir V. Shishov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8850-6142)
- Fabio Lombardi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3517-5890)
- Cyrille Rathgeber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-8320)
- Marek Fajstavr (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-9874)
- Jožica Gričar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-1466)
- Sergio Rossi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9919-0494)
- Jian‐Guo Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3830-0415)
- Walter Oberhuber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5197-7044)
- Alessio Giovannelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7217-7177)
- J. Julio Camarero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2436-2922)
- Roberto Tognetti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7771-6176)
- Bao Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1063-351X)
- Václav Treml (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5067-3308)
- Cristina Nabais (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-8776)
- Martín de Luis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-3636)
- Aylin Güney (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8955-2770)
- Katarina Čufar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7403-3994)
- Antonio Saracino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-2317)
- Eryuan Liang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8003-4264)
- Harri Mäkinen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1820-6264)
- Gregory King (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-8706)
- Joana Vieira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1021-4101)
- Filipe Campelo
- Minhuang Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-6125)
- Yaling Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7363-3138)
- Pekka Nöjd
- Lihong Zhai
- Hubert Morin
Institutions
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (CA)
- Landscape Institute (GB)
- University of Molise (IT)
- Augustana University (US)
- University of Ljubljana (SI)
- Free University of Bozen-Bolzano (IT)
- Munich University of Applied Sciences (DE)
- Universität Innsbruck (AT)
- Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (CA)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Charles University (CZ)
- AgroParisTech (FR)
- Izmir Kâtip Çelebi University (TR)
- Mediterranean University (ME)
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (CH)
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (FI)
- Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
- Biotechnical Educational Centre Ljubljana (SI)
- Guangdong Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Slovenian Forestry Institute (SI)
- South China Botanical Garden (CN)
- Institute of Economics (RU)
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (ES)
- Forest Research (GB)
- Research Institute on Sustainable Economic Growth (IT)
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research (CN)
- Guangzhou Institute of Geography (CN)
- Institute of Geography of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
- Department of Agricultural Sciences (RU)
- Siberian Federal University (RU)
- Mendel University in Brno (CZ)
- University of Reggio Calabria (IT)
- Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- University of Coimbra (PT)
- Nanjing University (CN)
- Université de Lorraine (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2025-07-24
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2421834122
- Citations
- 7
- Primary Topic
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 7.74
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China