The driving effect of marine industries on marine pollution: Empirical evidence from coastal China

Existing research widely acknowledges impacts of marine industries on marine environment, yet predominantly qualitative approaches hinder precise identification of their pollution contributions. To address this gap, this study analyzes 2006–2020 panel data from 11 coastal regions of China using feasible generalized least squares (FGLS), quantifying environmental impacts of specific marine industries. The findings reveal heterogeneity in the intensity and spatial extent of marine pollution induced by different marine industries. Notably, reliance on environmentally sensitive industries indirectly strengthens the motivation of local governments and stakeholders toward marine environmental protection and governance. Based on these findings, several policy recommendations aimed at promoting the sustainable development of marine economy are proposed. The analytical framework and research methods employed in this study may serve as a reference for future research related to industrial development and environmental pollution. • Marine pollutants mainly stem from land, marine industries, and atmosphere. • Ceteris paribus, more marine industry activity causes greater environmental impacts. • Indicators are developed to assess the intensity of marine industrial activity. • Heterogeneous impacts of marine industries on the environment are quantified.