Design of solar dual axis automatic tracking system based on STM32 microcontroller

With the continuous growth of global demand for clean energy, improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation systems has become an important research topic. This study designed a solar dual axis automatic tracking system based on STM32 microcontroller. The hardware part includes photoresistors, A/D conversion modules, stepper motors and their driving circuits. These components work together to achieve real-time tracking of sunlight and ensure that the photovoltaic panel remains perpendicular to the sunlight at all times. The software part uses STM32F103 microcontroller for data processing and control, achieving two modes of automatic tracking and manual control to adapt to different application scenarios. The experimental results show that compared with traditional fixed photovoltaic systems, the power generation of this system has increased by 14.8%, effectively improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation and providing a feasible solution for the intelligence of photovoltaic systems.